Preface ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. v
Contributors ………………………………………………………………………………………………… xiii
CH. 1. Alternative Method of Assessing Toxicity,
Chris K. Atterwill ………………………………………………………………………. 1
PART I: TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY
CH. 2. LLC-RK1 Cell Screening Test for Nephrotoxicity,
David J. White and Chris Seaman …………………………………………….. 11
CH. 3. Preparation and Use of Cultured Astrocytes for Assay of Gliotoxicity,
Mark R. Cookson, R. McClean, and Victor W. Pentreath …………… 17
CH. 4. Human Thyroid Culture,
Carmel MothersiU ……………………………………………………………………. 25
CH. 5. Thyroid Follicular Cells in Monolayer Culture: In Vitro Models
for Thyroid Toxicity Testing,
Stephen P. Bidey ……………………………………………………………………… 33
CH. 6. Dust Toxicity in Rat Alveolar Macrophage Cultures,
Yrjii Collan and Veli-Matti Kosma ……………………………………………. 43
CH. 7. Hepatoma Cell Cultures as In Vitro Models for Hepatotoxicity,
Margherita Ferro …………………………………………………………………….. 51
CH. 8. Cytotoxicity, DNA Fragmentation, and DNA Repair Synthesis
in Primary Human Hepatocytes,
Giovanni Brambilla and Antonietta MarteUi ……………………………. 59
CH. 9. Model Cavity Method,
INVITTOX ………………………………………………………………………………. 67
CH. 10. Human Esophageal Culture,
Carmel Mothersill ……………………………………………………………………. 75
CH. 11. The Application of In Vitro Models of Anterior Pituitary Function
in Toxicity Testing,
Glenda E. Gillies and Julia C. Buckingham ……………………………… 81
CH. 12. The Application of In Vitro Models of Hypothalamic Function
in Toxicity Testing,
Glenda E. Gillies and Julia C. Buckingham ……………………………… 95
PART II: GENERAL AND TOPICAL ToxIcrrv
CH. 13. The FRAME Cytotoxicity Test (Kenacid Blue),
Richard 1t. Clothier ……………………………………………………………….. 109
ell. 14. Allium Test,
Geirid Fiskesj6 ……………………………………………………………………… 119
ell. 15. Measurement of Cell Membrane Toxicity by Means of 2-Deoxy-DGlucose,
Erik Walum and Anna Forsby ………………………………………………… 129
ell. 16. MTT Assays,
Rosa Supino ………………………………………………………………………….. 137
ell. 17. V79 Cytotoxicity Test for Membrane Damage,
Vera Bianchi ………………………………………………………………………….. 151
CH. 18. SIRC Cytotoxicity Test for Membrane Damage,
Odile Blein-Sella and Monique Adolphe …………………………………. 161
CH. 19. Rabbit Articular Chondrocyte Functional Toxicity Test,
Odile Blein-Sella and Monique Adolphe …………………………………. 169
ell. 20. Balb/c 3T3 Cytotoxicity Test,
H. M. Liebsch and Horst Spielmann ……………………………………….. 177
CH. 21. The Pollen Tube Growth Test,
Udo Kristen and Rolf Kappler …………………………………………………. 189
PART III: IRRITANCY TESTING
ell. 22. HET-CAM Test,
Horst Spielmann ……………………………………………………………………. 199
Co. 23. The Use of the Bovine Isolated Cornea as a Possible In Vitro Test
for Occular Irritancy,
Ann 11t. Northover …………………………………………………………………. 205
CH. 24. Cytotoxicity in an Anchorage-Independent Fibroblast Cell Line
Measured by a Combination of Fluorescent Dyes,
Richard B. Kemp ……………………………………………………………………. 211
Cs. 25. Cell Culture Phototoxicity Test,
Paul A. Duffy …………………………………………………………………………. 219
PART IV: IMMUNOTOXICITY
CH. 26. The Murine Local Lymph Node Assay,
Jennifer Hilton and lan Kimber ……………………………………………… 227
CH. 27. Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Locomotion,
Matteo Valenano ……………………………………………………………………. 237
CH. 28. Immune Function Assays,
Steve Nicklin ………………………………………………………………………….. 245
PART V: CARCINOGENESIS
CH. 29. The DNA Alkaline Unwinding Genotoxicity Test,
Georg Bolesfoldi …………………………………………………………………….. 257
CH. 30. Measurement of Unscheduled DNA Synthesis In Vitro Using Primary
Rat Hepatocyte Cultures,
Steve Dean …………………………………………………………………………….. 267
CH. 31. Gene Mutation Assays in Mammalian Cells,
Julie Clements ……………………………………………………………………….. 277
CH. 32. Measurement of Chromosome Aberrations In Vitro
Using Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes,
Richard Marshall …………………………………………………………………… 287
CH. 33. Mutation Assays in Bacteria,
Christopher Clare …………………………………………………………………… 297
PART VI: SUBMAMMALIAN AND SUBVERTEBRATE MODELS
FOR TERATOGENICITY TESTING
CH. 34. Chick Embryotoxicity Screening Test (CHEST I and II),
Wendy J. Davies and Stuart J. Freeman ………………………………….. 307
CH. 35. Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay: Xenopus (FETAX),
Wendy J. Davies and Stuart J. Freeman ………………………………….. 311
CH. 36. The Drosophila melanogaster Assay,
Wendy J. Davies and Stuart J. Freeman ………………………………….. 317
CH. 37. The Hydra attenuata Assay,
Wendy J. Davies and Stuart J. Freeman ………………………………….. 321
Index ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 327